HS2 Begins Work On UK’s Longest Rail Viaduct

HS2 began work on the UK’s longest railway bridge, with an expert team of ground engineers sinking the first of almost 300 piles that will form the foundations for the Colne Valley Viaduct. The viaduct, which will carry the new high-speed rail line for 3.4 km across a series of lakes and waterways on the north west outskirts of London, will be almost a kilometre longer than the Forth Rail Bridge and carry trains travelling at speeds of up to 320 km/h.

Set low in the landscape, the design was inspired by the flight of a stone skipping across the water, with a series of elegant spans, some up to 80 m long, carrying the railway around 10 m above the surface of the lakes, River Colne and Grand Union Canal. The structure will be supported by 56 piers, with the widest spans reserved for where the viaduct crosses the lakes, and narrower spans for the approaches. This design was chosen to enable views across the landscape, minimise the viaduct’s footprint on the lakes and help complement the natural surroundings.

Over the next year, engineers from HS2 Ltd’s main works contractor Align JV - a team made up of Bouygues Travaux Publics, Sir Robert McAlpine, and VolkerFitzpatrick - will construct 292 piles under the ground to support the viaduct piers.

On top of each group of piles - some of which will go up to 55 m into the ground - a concrete pile cap will support the pier which will in turn support the full 6,000 tonne weight of the bridge structure above. Instead of hammering the piles into the ground, holes will be bored before being backfilled to create the pile. The main deck of the viaduct will be built in sections at a temporary factory nearby before being assembled from north to south.

Align’s Project Director Daniel Altier, added: “I have no doubt that the viaduct will become one, if not the most striking element of HS2 phase 1 once complete. The way it will be constructed is going to be equally fascinating for engineers young and old. The sections for the deck will be fabricated at our main construction site to the west of London just inside the M25, and using a huge launching girder, the deck will be formed from north to south, along the line of the route, thereby keeping unnecessary construction traffic off the roads."

Over the last six years, HS2 has worked closely with Affinity Water and the Environment Agency to monitor water quality and agree working methods. These will be monitored by a team of specialist engineers during construction in order to protect the natural environment.

An extensive programme of test piling has already been completed with engineers sinking 12 piles at two locations with geological and structural data from these tests fed back into the design of the viaduct. This has resulted in a 10 - 15 % reduction in the depth of the piles and associated time and cost savings.

Colne Valley viaduct on the north west outskirts of London crosses the Grand Union Canal, River Colne and four lakes (created as a result of gravel extraction), as well as two roads and four footpaths. Designed for a maximum speed  of 320 km/h, its length is 3.4 km and average height 8.7 m. Number of piers is 56, and two abutments, one at either end. Spans - 45, 60 and 80 m.